You can replace element in a water heater by shutting off the power, draining the tank, and swapping out the faulty part. Most homeowners spend $20–$60 for DIY parts, while professional labor can push the cost to $150–$300. Always prioritize safety. If you feel unsure about how to replace element or handle electrical components, contact a licensed technician.
Tools and Materials to Replace a Water Heater Element
When you prepare to replace an element in your water heater, you need the right tools and materials. Using proper equipment ensures a smooth process and helps you avoid common mistakes.
Essential Tools for Replacing Element
Wrenches and Screwdrivers
You will need a heating element wrench to remove and install the element. This specialized tool fits most standard water heater elements and provides the leverage you need. A 4-in-1 screwdriver helps you remove access panels and disconnect wires. Needle-nose pliers can assist with handling wires safely.
Multimeter for Testing
A multimeter or continuity tester allows you to check if the element works before and after replacement. You should also use a non-contact voltage tester to confirm that the power is off before you touch any electrical parts. This step protects you from electrical shock.
Bucket and Towels for Cleanup
Water may spill during the process. Place a bucket under the drain valve to catch water as you empty the tank. Keep towels nearby to wipe up any spills and prevent water damage to the area around your heater.
Tip: Attach a garden hose to the drain valve for easier water removal. This method directs water safely away from your work area.
Replacement Parts for Water Heater
Choosing the Right Heating Element
Select a replacement heating element that matches the wattage and size of your original part. Using the correct wattage ensures your water heater operates efficiently and safely. Most hardware stores carry a range of elements, so check your water heater’s label or manual for specifications.
Gaskets and Seals Selection
Always replace the gasket or seal when you install a new heating element. A fresh gasket prevents leaks and maintains a tight seal. Choose a gasket compatible with your water heater model for the best results.
Optional Supplies for Installation
Teflon Tape for Sealing
Teflon tape can help you achieve a watertight seal on threaded connections. Wrap the tape around threads before installing the new heating element. This step reduces the risk of leaks.
Cleaning Supplies
Bring cleaning supplies such as rags and a mild cleaner. Clean the area around the opening before you install the new heating element. Removing debris and sediment helps the gasket seat properly and extends the life of your water heater.
Note: If the element feels stuck, you may need a cold chisel and hammer to loosen it. Use caution to avoid damaging the tank.
Having these tools and materials ready will make your water heater element replacement safer and more efficient.
Safety Precautions Before You Replace Element
Before you begin any work on your water heater, you must take several important safety steps. These precautions protect you from electrical shock, burns, and water damage. Following each step ensures a safer and more efficient replacement process.
Power Shutoff Procedures for Water Heater
Turning Off Electricity at Breaker
Always start by shutting off the electricity to your water heater at the main breaker panel. Locate the correct circuit breaker labeled for your heater and switch it to the “off” position. This step prevents accidental electrical contact, which can cause serious injury.
Verifying Power is Off with Multimeter
After turning off the breaker, use a multimeter to confirm that no power reaches the water heater. Set the multimeter to the appropriate voltage setting and test the terminals where the wires connect to the element. If the reading shows zero voltage, you can safely proceed. Never rely on the breaker switch alone—always double-check with your tool.
Water Shutoff and Damage Prevention
Locating and Closing Water Valve
Find the cold water supply valve above your water heater. Turn this valve clockwise to stop water from entering the tank. If your heater has a dedicated shutoff valve and it does not work, you may need to close the main water supply for your home.
Preventing Water Damage During Replacement
Water damage poses a significant risk during element replacement. If you fail to shut off the water supply, you could face flooding or leaks. Take these steps to minimize the risk:
- Shut off the water supply before starting any work.
- If the water heater leaks, close the valve on the heater to reduce leakage.
- If the valve is broken, shut off the main water supply to prevent continuous flooding.
Tip: Place towels and a bucket nearby to catch any remaining water in the tank. This simple step helps you avoid unnecessary mess and protects your flooring.
Personal Safety When Replacing a Water Heater Element
Using Protective Gear
Wear safety goggles and gloves when working on your water heater. These items protect your eyes from splashes and your hands from sharp edges or hot surfaces. Proper gear reduces the risk of injury during the replacement process.
Maintaining a Safe Work Area
Keep your workspace clean and organized. Remove any clutter or tripping hazards around the water heater. Make sure the floor stays dry to prevent slips. Good lighting helps you see connections and components clearly, reducing the chance of mistakes.
By following these safety precautions, you create a safer environment for yourself and anyone assisting you. Careful preparation ensures your water heater element replacement goes smoothly and helps you avoid common hazards.
Draining the Water Heater for Element Replacement
Before you replace the element, you must drain your water heater properly. This process prevents water spills and allows you to work safely inside the tank. Follow these steps to prepare and drain your water heater efficiently.
Preparing the Water Heater Tank
Cooling Down Hot Water
Start by letting the hot water in your tank cool down. Hot water can cause burns if released suddenly. Turn off the power supply to your water heater at the breaker panel. Wait at least one hour for the water to reach a safe temperature. If you want to speed up the process, open a hot water faucet in your home. This action helps release some hot water and brings in cooler water.
Attaching a Hose to Drain Valve
Locate the drain valve near the bottom of your water heater. Attach a standard garden hose securely to this valve. Place the other end of the hose in a floor drain, utility sink, or outside where water can flow safely away from your home. Make sure the hose sits firmly on the valve to prevent leaks.
Tip: Always check that the hose leads to a safe drainage area. Avoid draining water onto walkways or near electrical outlets.
Draining Process for Water Heater
Opening the Drain Valve
Open the pressure relief valve on your water heater. This step releases built-up pressure and prevents a vacuum from forming inside the tank. Next, open the drain valve slowly. Hot water will begin to flow through the hose. Monitor the flow and make sure the hose remains secure.
Managing Sediment Buildup
Sediment often collects at the bottom of the tank. After the water stops flowing, briefly turn on the cold-water supply valve. This action flushes out any remaining sediment. Continue flushing until the water runs clear from the hose. Sediment removal helps maintain the efficiency of your heater and prevents future problems.
Final Checks After Draining
Ensuring Complete Drainage
Check the tank to confirm all water has drained. Gently tilt the hose or tap the side of the tank to release any trapped water. Inspect the area around the drain valve for leaks or drips. Close the drain valve tightly once you finish draining. Remove the hose and keep towels nearby to catch any remaining drops.
Note: Complete drainage ensures a safer and cleaner environment for replacing the element. It also reduces the risk of water damage during the next steps.
By following these steps, you prepare your water heater for a smooth element replacement. Proper draining protects your equipment and work area, making the entire process more efficient.
How to Remove and Replace Element in a Water Heater
Accessing the Water Heater Element
Removing Access Panels
Begin by locating the access panels on your water heater. Most electric water heaters have one or two panels, usually secured with screws. Use your screwdriver to remove these screws and set them aside in a safe place. Gently lift off the panel to expose the insulation underneath. Pull back the insulation to reveal the element and its wiring. Some models include a plastic safety cover over the electrical connections. Remove this cover as well to gain full access.
Tip: Keep all screws and covers organized. You will need them when you reassemble the heater.
Disconnecting Electrical Wires
Before you touch any wires, double-check that the power is off using your multimeter. Place the probes on the terminals of the element. If you see zero voltage, you can proceed safely. Loosen the screws holding the wires to the element terminals. Carefully disconnect each wire and move them aside. Take a photo or make a note of the wiring configuration. This step helps you reconnect everything correctly after you replace the element.
Removing the Old Water Heater Element
Loosening and Extracting the Element
Fit your heating element wrench onto the base of the element. Turn the wrench counterclockwise to loosen the element. If the element resists, apply steady pressure rather than sudden force. Once loose, unscrew the element completely and pull it out of the tank. Some water may drip out, so keep a towel or bucket handy.
Handling Stuck or Corroded Elements
Elements can become stuck due to corrosion or mineral buildup. If you encounter resistance, avoid using excessive force, which can damage the tank. Instead, tap the wrench gently with a rubber mallet to break the seal. For severe corrosion, apply a penetrating lubricant and wait a few minutes before trying again. If the element remains stuck, consult a professional to prevent tank damage.
Note: Using high-quality components when you replace a water heater element helps prevent corrosion and future issues.
Installing the New Water Heater Element
Positioning and Sealing the New Element
Before you install the new heating element, check that the gasket or seal is in place. Slide the gasket onto the base of the element. Insert the new heating element into the opening and hand-tighten it. Use your wrench to secure the element, but do not overtighten. Both loose and overtightened connections can cause leaks or damage. Aim for a snug fit that feels secure.
Callout: Improperly tightened connections are a common mistake. Secure the element firmly, but avoid using excessive force.
Reconnecting Wires and Securing Panels
Reconnect the wires to the terminals of the new heating element. Refer to your notes or photo to ensure correct placement. Tighten the terminal screws so the wires stay in place, but do not overtighten. Replace the plastic safety cover if your heater has one. Push the insulation back into position and reattach the access panel using the screws you set aside.
Tip: Double-check all connections before closing the panel. This step helps prevent electrical issues when you restore power.
Common Mistakes to Avoid When You Replace Element
- Improperly tightened connections can lead to leaks or damage. Always secure connections firmly, but avoid overtightening.
- Incorrect installation of the temperature and pressure relief valve can create safety hazards. Make sure the valve and discharge pipe are installed correctly.
- Using low-quality components may save money at first, but they often cause corrosion, leaks, or early failure. Choose high-quality parts for reliability and longevity.
By following these steps, you can replace element in your water heater efficiently and safely. Careful attention to detail and proper technique will help you avoid the most common mistakes and extend the life of your heater.
Refilling and Testing the Water Heater After Element Replacement
After you replace element in your water heater, you need to refill the tank and test the system to ensure safe and efficient operation. This process helps prevent damage to the new element and confirms that your heater works as expected.
Refilling the Water Heater Tank
Closing the Drain Valve
Start by closing the drain valve. Turn it clockwise until it feels tight. This step prevents leaks when you refill the tank. Double-check the valve to make sure no water drips from the connection.
Turning On Water Supply
Next, turn the cold water supply valve counterclockwise to allow water to flow back into the tank. Listen for air escaping from a hot water faucet. This sound means the tank is filling and pressurizing. Open a hot water faucet in your home and let it run. Wait until water flows steadily without sputtering. This action removes trapped air from the system and ensures the tank fills completely.
Tip: Always check for leaks around the drain valve as the tank refills. Early detection helps you avoid water damage.
Checking for Leaks After Replacing Element
Inspecting Seals and Connections
Once the tank is full and air is purged, close the hot water faucet and replace the aerator if you removed it. Visually inspect the area around the new element and gasket for any signs of leaks. If you notice moisture or drips, carefully tighten the element until the leak stops. If tightening does not resolve the issue, drain the tank, remove the element, and inspect the gasket for damage. Replace the gasket if necessary, reinstall the element, and check again for leaks. Only proceed when you confirm the area is completely dry and leak-free.
Note: Never restore power to the water heater until you verify the tank is full. Running the element dry can cause permanent damage.
Restoring Power and Testing Water Heater
Turning On Electricity
After confirming there are no leaks, restore power to your heater. Switch the circuit breaker back on for electric models. For gas models, adjust the thermostat to the desired temperature. This step activates the heating cycle.
Monitoring Heating Cycle
Allow up to two hours for the water heater to reach the set temperature. During this time, monitor the system for any unusual noises or leaks. Run hot water from a faucet to confirm proper heating and flow. If you notice any issues, such as a lack of hot water or persistent leaks, review your installation steps or consult a professional.
Callout: Testing the element with a multimeter after installation can confirm proper function. A reading between 10 and 30 ohms indicates a healthy element.
By following these steps, you ensure your water heater operates safely and efficiently after you replace the element. Careful attention during refilling and testing protects your investment and extends the life of your heater.
Troubleshooting After You Replace a Water Heater Element
After you replace the element, you may encounter issues that prevent your water heater from working as expected. Addressing these problems quickly ensures your heater operates safely and efficiently.
No Hot Water After Replacement
If you notice no hot water after installing a new element, several factors could be responsible.
Electrical Connection Issues
Start by checking all electrical connections. Loose wires or improper connections can stop the element from heating. Use a multimeter to verify voltage at the element terminals. Make sure you have a solid neutral connection, not just voltage on the hot side. Sometimes, a blown fuse or tripped high limit reset button can interrupt power. Press the red reset button on the thermostat to restore function. Test both the upper and lower elements with an ohm-meter, even if they are new. Faulty thermostats also cause heating failures, so consider replacing them if problems persist.
- Common causes for no hot water include:
- Defective upper element or thermostat
- Tripped high limit switch
- Blown fuse in the power box
- Bad neutral wiring
- Old or worn-out heater (10 years or more)
Air Trapped in the Tank
Air trapped inside the tank can prevent the element from heating water properly. Always bleed air from the system by opening a hot water tap until water flows steadily. If you skip this step, the element may overheat or fail to operate. A broken dip tube can also cause cold water to mix with hot, reducing available hot water. Sediment buildup inside the tank may block water flow and affect heating. Regular flushing helps prevent this issue.
Leaks Around the Water Heater Element
Leaks around the new element often point to installation or sealing problems.
Gasket or Seal Problems
Check that the rubber washer or gasket sits correctly on the element. Tighten the element securely, but avoid overtightening. If leaks continue, remove the element and clean the tank surface where the gasket sits. Apply Teflon pipe dope to both the washer and the tank surface before reinstalling. If you still see leaks, wrap the element threads with Teflon tape and apply pipe dope on top. Persistent leaks may indicate a faulty gasket or a damaged tank surface. Try reinstalling the old element to see if the leak stops. If so, replace the new element or its washer.
Improper Installation
Improper installation can cause leaks or electrical issues. Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions for your water heater. Ensure all connections are tight and the gasket is seated properly. Wet insulation near the terminals is not a major concern, but keep electrical parts dry to avoid hazards.
Tripped Breaker or Blown Fuse
A tripped breaker or blown fuse after replacement signals electrical problems that need immediate attention.
Short Circuits
Wiring that touches or shorts can trip the breaker. Double-check all connections and make sure wires do not touch each other or the tank. Never power the element before the tank is full and air is bled out. Doing so can damage the element and cause a short circuit.
Faulty New Element
A faulty new element can also trip the breaker. If the breaker continues to trip after you confirm proper wiring and installation, test the element for defects. Sometimes, a damaged breaker from previous faults may need replacement. Always fill the tank completely and bleed air before restoring power to prevent damage.
Tip: If troubleshooting does not resolve the issue, consult a licensed professional to avoid further damage or safety risks.
Cost to Replace a Water Heater Element and When to Repair or Replace the Whole Water Heater
DIY vs. Professional Cost to Replace Element
Price of Heating Elements and Materials
You can expect to pay a different amount depending on whether you choose diy water heater repair or hire a professional. The table below outlines the typical cost breakdown:
| Repair Aspect | DIY Cost Range | Professional Service Cost Range |
|---|---|---|
| Heating Element Part | $15 to $80 | Included in labor cost |
| Continuity Tester | Around $10 | N/A |
| Tuneup Kit | Around $30 | N/A |
| Labor (Professional) | N/A | $200 to $300 |
| Total Typical Repair | Under $20 (simple fixes) | $200 to $300 |
When you handle the repair yourself, you mainly pay for the part and a few tools. Simple fixes often cost less than $20. Professional service includes labor, which increases the total cost to replace a water heater element to $200–$300.
Labor Charges for Professional Replacement
Professional plumbers charge for both labor and expertise. Labor alone often ranges from $200 to $300, with the element included in the price. You pay more for convenience, safety, and warranty coverage. Some companies offer a short labor warranty, usually about 90 days, while manufacturer warranties for the element itself typically last one year.
Factors Affecting the Cost to Replace a Water Heater Element
Number of Elements Replaced
Most electric water heaters have two elements. If you replace both, your cost doubles for parts and increases for labor. Replacing a single element is less expensive but may not solve all heating issues if both are old or worn.
Type and Brand of Water Heater Element
The type and brand of element you select also affect the cost. High-wattage or specialty elements cost more than standard models. Premium brands may offer longer warranties or improved durability, but you pay a higher price upfront.
Should You Replace Element or the Whole Water Heater?
Age and Condition of Water Heater
You should consider the age and condition of your heater before investing in repairs. Water heaters older than 10–15 years often develop efficiency problems and frequent breakdowns. If your unit is within this age range, replacement may be more cost-effective in the long run.
Repairing a water heater element extends the life of your current unit and reduces waste. However, replacing an old or inefficient heater can lower your energy bills and reduce your environmental impact over time.
Signs It’s Time for a New Water Heater
You may need to replace your entire water heater if you notice these signs:
- The unit is 10–15 years old or older.
- You see leaks or moisture around the tank, which often means corrosion.
- Hot water supply becomes inconsistent or insufficient.
- Water appears rusty or discolored, indicating internal corrosion.
- You hear rumbling or popping noises from sediment buildup.
- Visible corrosion appears on the tank or pipes.
- Gas models have frequent pilot light issues.
- Your energy bills rise without increased usage.
- You face repeated repairs that become costly and inconvenient.
- You plan to upgrade or stay in your home long-term.
Repairing minor issues like a heating element or thermostat usually costs $150–$500. More complex repairs can reach $1,000. Replacing the entire water heater costs $1,200–$3,000 for tank models and $2,500–$5,000 for tankless models. Newer units offer better insulation, improved technology, and up to 30% energy savings, making them a smart investment if your current heater is outdated.
When to Call a Professional for Water Heater Repairs
Knowing when to call a professional can save you time, money, and frustration. Some repairs go beyond basic DIY skills and require specialized knowledge. You should recognize the signs and situations that demand expert attention.
Complex Installations
You may encounter situations where the installation or repair process becomes too complicated for a typical homeowner. For example, if you have a hybrid, heat pump, or tankless water heater, the technology and wiring can be complex. Upgrading from a gas to an electric heater or dealing with major electrical wiring issues also calls for a licensed professional. The table below outlines which expert to contact for specific problems:
| Professional Type | When to Call | Advantages/Expertise |
|---|---|---|
| HVAC Technicians | Complex electrical/mechanical issues, hybrid or heat pump units | Skilled in electrical/plumbing, NATE-certified, proper sizing and installation |
| Plumbers | No water flow, leaks in pipes/connections, blockages in water lines | Water supply expertise, leak/pressure resolution, tank/tankless heaters |
| Electricians | Upgrading from gas to electric, wiring issues, power supply problems | Electrical upgrades, safety code compliance, modern heater support |
If you notice no hot water, inconsistent temperatures, or frequent circuit breaker trips, you should consider professional help. You might start with a plumber, who can diagnose the issue and refer you to an electrician or HVAC technician if needed.
Safety Concerns
Your safety should always come first. If you feel uncomfortable working with electricity or gas, do not risk injury. Water heater repairs often involve high voltage, pressurized water, and hot surfaces. You should call a professional if you see leaks, rusty water, or hear strange noises from your heater. These symptoms can signal deeper problems that require specialized tools and training.
- Common signs you need a professional:
- No hot water or inconsistent temperatures
- Leaks or moisture around the unit
- Unusual noises or rumbling
- Rusty or discolored water
- Low water pressure
- Frequent circuit breaker trips
Tip: Always attempt basic troubleshooting first, such as checking the thermostat, pilot light, or breaker. If the problem persists, do not hesitate to contact a qualified expert.
You protect your home and your family by knowing your limits and seeking help when necessary. Professionals bring experience, proper equipment, and knowledge of safety codes to every job. This approach ensures your water heater operates safely and efficiently.
You can replace a water heater element by following these steps: shut off power, drain the tank, remove the faulty part, and install the new element. Always use the right tools and test connections for safety.
| Option | Typical Cost | Best For |
|---|---|---|
| Element Repair | $200–$300 | Units under 7 years old |
| Full Replacement | $800–$2,500 | Units over 10 years or frequent issues |
If you feel unsure or uncomfortable, contact a professional for safe and reliable service.
FAQ
How often should you replace a water heater element?
You should check your water heater element every 3–5 years. Replace it if you notice reduced hot water, visible corrosion, or if the element fails a continuity test.
Can you replace a water heater element without draining the tank?
You must drain the tank below the element level before removal. This step prevents water from spilling out and ensures a safe, dry workspace.
What size heating element does your water heater need?
Check your water heater’s label or manual for the correct wattage and length. Most residential units use 3,500 to 5,500-watt elements. Always match the specifications for safety and efficiency.
Do you need to turn off the water supply before replacing the element?
Yes. Shut off the cold water supply valve before starting. This action stops water from entering the tank and helps prevent leaks during the replacement process.
Why does your new element still not heat water?
Double-check all electrical connections. Test the thermostat and reset the high-limit switch. If the problem continues, the new element may be defective or another component may have failed.
Is it safe to use Teflon tape on water heater elements?
You can use Teflon tape on threaded elements to help prevent leaks. Wrap the tape around the threads only. Do not cover the electrical contacts.
What tools do you need to replace a water heater element?
- Heating element wrench
- Screwdriver
- Multimeter
- Bucket and towels
- Safety gloves and goggles
These tools help you complete the job safely and efficiently.
